The objective of this review is to provide recent evidence for the oral–gut axis connection and to discuss gastrointestinal (GI) immune response, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis, and potential salivary biomarkers for determining GI health. IBD affects an estimated 1.3% of the US adult population. While genetic predisposition and environment play a role, abnormal immune activity and microbiota dysbiosis within the gastrointestinal tract are also linked in IBD pathogenesis. It has been inferred that a reduced overall richness of bacterial species as well as colonization of opportunistic bacteria induce systemic inflammation in the GI tract. Currently, there is supporting evidence that both oral and gut microbiota may be related to the development of IBD. Despite this, there are currently no curative therapies for IBD, and diagnosis requires samples of blood, stool, and invasive diagnostic imaging techniques. Considering the relative ease of collection, emerging evidence of association with non-oral diseases may imply that saliva microbiome research may have the potential for gut diagnostic or prognostic value. This review demonstrates a link between saliva and intestinal profiles in IBD patients, suggesting that saliva sampling has the potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for gut diseases such as IBD in the oral–gut axis.

Bartlett, A. M., Gullickson, R. G., Singh, R., Ro, S., Omaye, S. T 2020, The Link between Oral and Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and a Synopsis of Potential Salivary Biomarker, Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(18), 6421

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Certified Nursery Workers, Spring 2021
Certified Nursery Worker Professional List, Spring 2021 Class
Morris, C. 2021, Extension, University of Nevada, Reno, Bulletin
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Certified Nursery Workers, Spring 2020
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Farmers in the Great Basin are investing in inexpensive low-tech greenhouses, known as high tunnels, but little is known about how high tunnels alter the climate conditions that crops experience inside of high tunnels.
Heckler, S., McAfee, S.A., Kratsch, H.A. 2020, Extension Special Publication
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Delicious summer empanada dish using hearty eggplant created by Tricia Braxton Perry.
Braxton Perry, T. 2020, Extension, University of Nevada, Reno, YouTube Channel
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YHEP: Hydroponics At Home, Ep 03: Growing Tomatoes in a 5-Gallon Bucket
YHEP Instructor Ian Ford-Terry shows you how you can grow tomatoes year-round in a DIY 5-gallon bucket hydroponic system!
Ford-Terry, I. 2020, Extension, University of Nevada, Reno, YouTube Channel
 

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Master Gardeners of Washoe County

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Master Gardeners of Nevada

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Grow Your Own, Nevada!

Learn the secrets of high desert gardening